Hepadnaviridae: Hepatitis B

Hepadnaviridae: Hep B Virus (and Deltavir.: HDV) "The Hippy Pad"
	In viral hepatitis ALT > AST (ALT beachball is high, AST is low)
	ALT rises in acute phase and falls dramatically afterwards (")
	Give at-risk infants anti-Hep B IgG antibodies along with killed vaccination (kid has IgG)
	Partially double-strand DNA virus
	Intranuclear AND Cytoplasmic replication
	Coinfection with Hep B and D is better prognosis than superinfection with Hep D.
	Hep D requires HbsAg to be infectious
	Hep B has Circular genome
	Hep D is RNA negative virus
	HBV uses reverse transcriptase
	Chronic infection leads to cirrhosis
	Assoc. with hepatocellular carcinoma
	Assoc. with membranoproliferative nephritis
	Assoc. with membranous nephritis
	Causes arthralgias
	After polyarteritis nodosa, kidney disease
	Purpuric macules
	90% of neonate infections become chronic
	Transmitted during delivery from mixing of maternal and fetal blood
	10% of adult HBV infections become chronic
	Transmitted via sex and blood products (sign)
	TORCH infection (tiki torches)
	Rx: Lamivudine, NRTIs, Interferon Alpha, (Lamb, alpha and omega, NRTI lady)
	HbSAg = Hb Surface antigen = envelope, 1st serum marker of infection
	HbEAg, sign of increased infectivity
	Anti-HbC antibodies, first detectable antibody. Only seen in infection, not vax.
	Anti-HbE antibodies, seen later
	Anti-HbS, indicate immunity or recovery from infection. Seen in vaxed and recovered