DKA vs HHS Diagnosis and Management

Diagnosis: How to Tell the Difference

DKA vs HHS
Type 1 DM                                                 vs. Type 2 DM
Glucose > 250                                             vs. > 600
pH < 7.3                                                       vs. > 7.3
Bicarb < 15                                                  vs. > 15
Moderate Ketonuria                                     vs. Non-Ketotic
(Anion Gap = Na- (Cl + Bicarb)) > 12mEq vs. Osmolality > 320 mOsm/L
Abs Insulin Def.                                            vs. Profound Hyperglycemia, no significant ketones

3 Things needed to Dx DKA
Hyperglycemia
Ketosis
Systemic Acidosis